The free floating and free trading New Zealand dollar is still punching well above its weight in international currency markets.
It is the world's 10th most traded currency despite being just the 28th largest economy in the OECD, which does not include China, India, Brazil or Russia.
That's despite a 31% drop in volume over the last three years as New Zealand bank borrowing from 'hot' wholesale financial markets has slumped in the wake of the Global Financial Crisis.
The New Zealand dollar was the world's 10th most traded in the world in 2010 with an average 1.6% of total daily turnover, a Bank of Institutional Settlements (BIS) survey of global currency trading has found. The full spreadsheet of currency trading stats is attached here.
The report (table 3) shows New Zealand's ranking is up from 11th in the last triennial BIS survey in 2007, when New Zealand was behind Norway on 10th. Back in 2007 New Zealand dollar turnover represented 1.9% of the total.
New Zealand’s foreign exchange market handled an average of US$9.5 billion per day in April 2010, down from US$13 billion in 2007, but up from US$7.5 billion in 2004 and US$4.2 billion in 2001, the Reserve Bank reported as part of the BIS survey, which is carried out every 3 years by 53 central banks.
The New Zealand part of the survey included data from the five major banks participating in the wholesale financial market.
“Since 2007, foreign exchange turnover in New Zealand has decreased by almost 31%," said the Reserve Bank's Head of Financial Markets Simon Tyler.
"Much of the decline is due to a fall in foreign exchange swap transaction volume, only a modest 3% is due to a fall in the New Zealand dollar versus the United States Dollar since April 2007. This contrasts sharply with international data which show a 20% increase in global foreign exchange turnover (including spot transactions, outright forwards and foreign exchange swaps) to US$4.0 trillion per day from U$3.3 trillion in April 2007," Tyler said.
“Overall, the falls in transaction volumes in New Zealand and the New Zealand dollar have been mainly driven by less overseas interest in the New Zealand dollar and a shift from short to longer-term funding by New Zealand’s banks.”
Punching above our weight, but not as much as Australia
New Zealand's daily foreign exchange turnover represents about 8.3% of annual GDP, whereas US turnover represents about 7.6% of GDP. New Zealand's currency was also traded more than the Chinese renminbi, which remains very controlled, the Indian Rupee, the Korean Won, the Singapore dollar and the Mexican Peso.
The report showed however that the economy and foreign exchange market that punched the most above its weight was Australia, which generated daily foreign exchange turnover of US$192.1 billion or 23% of annual GDP. It jumped up the rankings to be the fifth most traded currency in the world behind the US dollar, the Euro, the Yen and Pound Sterling. It is now more traded than the Swiss Franc, the Canadian dollar, the Hong Kong dollar and the Swedish Krona.
The BIS preliminary global report can be found here
Foreign exchange trading volumes
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17 Comments
Bernard,
Very interesting article.
Have you seen this?
http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v207/neuralnetwriter/financial/2000bi…
IMO, MADNESS.
Steve
I am surprised to see how much the forex trade has grown. The last time I saw the figures it was arround three trillion a day, surely the most liquid market together with bonds.
Les Rudd if you are arround there is an interesting figure for your trading book: 8.3% of annual PGB, not 43%.... ops.
"If you see who are the largest traders in the NZ dollar you will find that exporters hedging against currency swings are the number one users. Speculators are few and they do not account for much of the movements in the currency they carry very little weight if any at all."
So at 8.3% gdp per day, (which fits better with your open interest points, thanks) that means NZD gets it's gdp traded about every 12.5 days, or approx 20 times it's gdp per annum. If exports are not more than say 33% of gdp, that's 60 times exports per annum! Sure it's better than a work thro' with the 43% figure, but it's still bad enough, in my view. Allied to being 10th most traded, while being only the 28th largest* OECD economy*, seems a wee bit odd to me - if it's all NZ exporters fault! (Your claim above.)
Pesky blighters. Does it mean that after a hard day exporting they whizz off home for a bowl of gruel and then spend all night spot fx trading?
So, is all that volatility really exporters fault?
Cheers, Les.
* 50th'ish in world?
Here we go again. Poor ole Aussie Banks. Get some books down y' pants lads your'e in for a caning, by the look of this comment.
Michael, why ever would they? C'mon - they are on our side. Just look at those fx briefs that get posted on here every morning by the BNZ 'Exporters Help Team' - to help NZ exporters, duh!
C'mon, don't pick on the banks, they are always getting bagged on this site - after PIs, RE's, rorting MPs, SCF, SCF and SCF. Just ask Woally.
Chill dude, Les.
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