The Nick Smith housing accords train rolls on, but does appear in my view to have rather found itself lost in a siding in Christchurch.
In the flurry that was the shortened week last week it was easy enough to miss the announcement that Housing Minister Smith and the Christchurch City Council had agreed a housing accord.
This is the second such agreement between the Government and a local council, following on from the Auckland Accord that commenced toward the end of last year. But any similarity between the two agreements appears merely coincidental. Part of the difference was explained in a question and answer paper that accompanied the announcement.
The groundwork for the signing of the Auckland accord and for planned future accords was provided by the Housing Accords and Special Housing Areas Act, which was rushed through Parliament following the Budget last year.
The Act as originally drafted had just one local authority area included in it, Auckland. But late last year eight more areas were added as having housing supply and affordability issues. These were:
- Christchurch City Council
- Hutt City Council
- Kapiti Coast District Council
- Porirua City Council
- Tauranga City Council
- Upper Hutt City Council
- Wellington City Council
- Western Bay of Plenty District Council
It appears probable other areas will be added later.
In announcing the additional regions being added into the legislation late last year, Smith said that New Zealand’s housing supply and affordability challenges extended beyond Auckland.
"The Auckland Housing Accord is proving to be a successful tool and we are keen to explore how we can assist other councils to get more houses built more efficiently," he said.
"...This is a first step. The issues in each city are different and will not automatically mean replicating the Auckland Accord’s focus on fast-tracking housing developments. We want to get officials from Government and council working on identifying the barriers to supply and affordability of housing and then putting in place whatever steps are needed to make improvements."
The Auckland accord as has been extensively recorded on this website set the reasonably heroic target of 39,000 houses and/or sections to be approved within three years. In fairness to the Auckland Council, it really does appear to be rolling up its sleeves in an effort to keep up with this target.
So, that's Auckland. A grunty target, pretty clearly outlined.
But then there's Christchurch. The council talks about an "ultimate aim" of 3000 affordable houses, but that target's not included in the Christchurch accord itself.
What is included is a "priority action" plan that includes the Government establishing a $75 million Christchurch Housing Accord Fund, through which a total of 180 houses will be built - although that 180 figure is not used in the accord itself. Also, the council will put in $50 million over three years for creation of a "housing entity" that will be a community housing provider.
Then there's "aspirational targets", firstly for a 10% reduction in the number of low income households paying more than 30% of that income on housing - no timeframe given, secondly, for an increase in the proportion of new build consents with a value of less than $250,000, and thirdly, a net 700 additional social housing units added to total social housing stock from the date of signing the accord to the end of 2016.
The accord document states that it is unlikely the provision for creation of "special housing areas" - like those now being seen in Auckland - will be used in Christchurch as it is already covered by the Land Use Recovery Plan, which is a similar type of fast-tracking mechanism.
That all sounds fair enough but does therefore, to my mind, raise the question of why an accord has been entered into for Christchurch in the first place. So much central government-sanctioned activity is already taking place in Christchurch, why add yet another level of bureaucratic detail on top with the creation of an accord that doesn't appear to set particularly far-reaching, or for that matter very specific, targets? In fact, the targets look pretty soft.
The housing accords legislation appeared to have its genesis in the specific desire to organise some kind of fast-tracking process in Auckland. But subsequent to that, Nick Smith has made clear his enthusiasm for rolling out the accords idea around the country. I expressed my own personal doubts about whether that was a good idea nearly a year ago before the legislation was ever passed.
Christchurch is because of its very immediate past clearly a special case as an area. Therefore the accord it has agreed with the Government can't be seen as a portent for what might happen in the other local authority areas now discussing the possibility of accords.
But I will now be very interested to see what the Government and the respective local councils come up with in those areas - and for that matter what further agreements not yet under discussion might look like.
On the one hand it could be argued that developing accords which differ sharply from region to region both in what's included and what the targets are does acknowledge regional differences.
But on the other, I wonder about what a tangled web it becomes with the Government involved in engineering quite discrete outcomes in the differing regions. Is this spawning a whole new layer of bureaucracy?
The other point is, unless these accords set very specific (a la Auckland) targets, with very specific desired outcomes, then what real purpose will they serve?
I would be concerned that if a region has an accord, with soft targets, then housing as an issue could actually fall between the cracks in that region.
For example, if something is left to the council and the council alone then the council is theoretically accountable if it does not perform. But what if problem projects are thrown into an accord, with responsibility as such then falling between the council and central government? The danger is the projects don't get completed are aren't implemented in the manner desired and then the local council and the Government are left blaming each other.
The Auckland Housing Accord, while in my view having its flaws, appears to have been a reasonably sensible approach to a specific problem.
Why the Christchurch Accord, such as it is, has been entered into at all, I'm not sure. I can't see it making a huge positive difference in the face of the very many serious problems Christchurch's rebuilding faces.
I'll reserve judgement till I see what some of the other new regional accords yet to be finalised look like. But it seems to me that future accords have the potential as breeding grounds for pet projects and photo opportunities for the the Housing Minister, rather than for formalising strong local housing policies with specific goals.
3 Comments
As the old saying goes, ‘if you don’t know what you are hunting, you are just going for a walk in the forest.’
The Govt., like you too David, don’t seem to know what you are hunting (the target).
The target is more affordable housing on a like for like basis, which means that house prices have to fall, or increase less than the rate of inflation so over time incomes can increase so housing is lowered to a medium income multiple less than it is now, preferably close to 3.
There are measures you can use to check your progress to see if you are on target to meet the target.
Building more houses is NOT a target. It may be a measure if in building more houses helps result in the target as I described above.
10% reduction in the number of low income households paying more than 30% of that income on housing is NOT a target. It may be a measure if it helps result in the target as I described above.
An increase in the proportion of new build consents with a value of less than $250,000 is NOT a target. It may be a measure if it helps result in the target as I described above.
A net 700 additional social housing units added to total social housing stock from the date of signing the accord to the end of 2016 is NOT a target. It may be a measure if it helps result in the target as I described above.
Building smaller homes so function follows form is NOT a target. It may be a measure if it helps result in the target as I described above.
So, the question to ask is, are these measures helping make housing more affordable as described above?
To me the answer is obvious, what do other commentators think?
I like the medium income to house price and rent measures because they indicate whether a typical household can independently afford to own or rent their own homes.
What is confusing about the Christchurch housing accord is the government wanted to do something about the housing affordability so that more people can independently afford their own homes. But CCC have been allowed to interpret that to meaning providing more social housing.
I have nothing against social housing. I work in mental health and many ofmy patients will end up in social housing. Yet if affordability is not solved for the typical person what will happen to all that social housing? Will it go to people with genuine deficits or to people who should be able to provide for themselves. Will social housing be available when my patients eventually get well enough to go out into the community?
I think having the right targets is immensely important. Further the right incentives are important too. I agree with Oliver Hartwich at the NZ Initiative -'Councils need new funding sources' article. (I can't get the link to work so you will need to google it if interested).
Well, locally, David, all the housing accord has done is cause a sh..tstorm.
- CCC has gone to its wholly-owned commercial companies and asked them for the $50m
- Said companies have carefully pointed out that that action won't change the overall financial position if viewed as a consolidation of all entities
- Companies have indicated they would raise debt and lower dividends, paid back to CCC, to get the $50m
- Companies have raised questions about overall CCC rating by agencies because the debt-to-equity etc ratios are fairly well stretched now
- CCC councillors (e.g. Glen Livingstone) who support more social housing see this as the community looking after its own
- Ratepayers point out to the Glen types that that's what we all pay taxes for, so the notion of further support from rates is a double-dip of the most egregious kind
- No-one has thoiught through the corollaries: that for example new social housing, district-funded, may or should be available only to long-term residents of the area ( a sort of Hukou system)
- No-one has raised the role of LG in general and the CCC in particular raisng unaffordability via their cluelessness about MUL's, layers of cost. time=money injected into processes yada yada.
So, it's all going swimmingly so far.....
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