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US PMIs surprise markets; US Treasury yields leap; Taiwan's data stays impressive; India data improves; Indonesia holds; Australian PMIs retreat; UST 10yr at 5.13%; gold falls but oil firms; NZ$1 = 56.7 USc; TWI-5 = 60.4

Economy / news
US PMIs surprise markets; US Treasury yields leap; Taiwan's data stays impressive; India data improves; Indonesia holds; Australian PMIs retreat; UST 10yr at 5.13%; gold falls but oil firms; NZ$1 = 56.7 USc; TWI-5 = 60.4
breakfast

Here's our summary of key economic events overnight that affect New Zealand, with news stronger American economic data and higher oil prices have built expectations of more rate hikes by the US Federal Reserve. The USD has jumped in response.

However, US mortgage applications fell again last week but that is really no surprise because that market saw its benchmark 30 year mortgage rate jump to 7.12% and its highest since May 2024. It was refinance activity that saw the biggest pullback.

Meanwhile, US business growth surged to its fastest for over five years and job gains accelerated according to the S&P Global PMI. Both their service sector and their factory sector are sharing in the gains. But at the same time price pressures are also intensifying with a sharp spike in costs. Input costs surged to their highest since October 2022; selling prices jumped too but at a lesser rate.

US crude oil stocks were expected to fall again last week, but instead they rose and by much more than expected. However that didn't stop their strategic reserve holdings from falling again, staying at dangerously low levels. Nor has it curtailed retail pump prices. More generally, the world is running down its crude oil buffers - and the price signals seem to be ignoring that risk.

There was a fall in support for the US Treasury 5 year bond auction overnight which delivered a 4.95% median yield (5.04% high) which was up sharply from 4.34% at the prior equivalent event a month ago. Bessent's yield management is failing to deliver and restraint.

Fed governor Barr was speaking overnight and he reiterated the view that higher rates will be needed to bring inflation back to target. Without much threat on the jobs front and their labour market mandate, markets see the Fed unconstrained in taking sharper action against inflation. He said "risks to achieving our inflation target have increased, while risks to the labor market have receded."

In the US all eyes will now turn to Trump's hosting of Chinese president Xi - who incidentally is coming with no Chinese business leaders.

Taiwan's August industrial production (+23.5%) and August retail sales (+6.5%) data both delivered the strong year-on-year gains we have come to expect from them.

Singapore's inflation rate came in at 2.3% in August, up marginally from July but the increase expected.

Indonesia's central bank reviewed its 5.75% policy rate overnight but left it unchanged.

In India, their flash PMI data for September pointed to a better improvement in business conditions. Output growth was higher in both manufacturing and services companies, with goods producers leading the latest upturn. New orders also rose at a quicker pace, prompting a solid expansion in jobs. Meanwhile, inflationary pressures faded and business confidence strengthened.

The flash S&P Global factory PMI in Australia saw a shift from a moderate expansion in August (52.0) to a minor contraction in September (49.3). Their services sector eased as well but is still expanding in September. On the prices front, the rate of input price inflation picked up to its highest in three months, but remained weaker than seen through the second quarter. Meanwhile, output charges rose at a strong rate that was more pronounced than in August. 

The UST 10yr yield is now just on 5.13%, up +16 bp from yesterday. The 30 year yield is at 5.40%, up +11 bps. The key 2-10 yield curve is now at +20 bps (down -1 bp). Their 1-5 curve is now at +55 bps (up +11 bps) and the 3 mth-10yr curve is at +124 bps (up +15 bps). The China 10 year bond rate is little-changed at 1.67%. The Japanese 10 year bond yield is still at 2.98%, unchanged. The Australian 10 year bond yield starts today at 5.32%, up +5 bps and a 16 year high. The NZ Government 10 year bond rate is now at 4.95%, down -3 bps.

Wall Street is lower today with the S&P500 down -0.7%, and the Nasdaq is down -1.1%. Overnight European markets were mixed between London's no-change and Frankfurt's -0.7%. Tokyo was on holiday but will be back today. Hong Kong ended its Wednesday down -1.0% while Shanghai was down -0.4%. Singapore dipped -0.2%. The ASX200 ended its Wednesday session up a minor +0.1%. The NZX50 fell -0.4%.

The price of gold is at US$4294/oz, and down -US$58 from yesterday. Silver is at just over US$64.50/oz and down -US$2.

Oil prices have firmed +50 USc to just on US$91.50/bbl in the US, while the international Brent price is up +US$3 to US$102.50/bbl. Hormuz transits are still very low today with just four ships exiting over the past 24 hours, three tankers escorted (0 dark with transponders off) but eight entering for new loads (6 dark). The Red Sea activity is still noticeably lower in both directions at the Yemen chokepoint.

The Kiwi dollar is down -50 bps from yesterday, now at 56.7 USc. Against the Aussie we are up +10 bps at 80.6 AUc. Against the euro we are down -20 bps at just over 49.8 euro cents. That all means our TWI-5 starts today at just on 60.4 and down -30 bps.

The bitcoin price starts today at US$84,343 and down -2.4% from yesterday. Volatility over the past 24 hours has been moderate at just over +/-2.4%.

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26 Comments

That makes complete sense too. The coalition cancelled the Ferries and Light Rail, so if the left get in they would have every right to cancel this project, and it would just waste taxpayer money. 

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It's the right call, but they're still not getting my vote

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He said signing a contract before the election would be "irresponsible."

Not often i agree with the twerker.

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SELL — The UNGA Investment Advice Nobody Asked For

If Donald Trump's performance at the UN General Assembly was intended to reassure the people financing the United States, somebody may want to have another crack at the script.

America currently requires the rest of the world to hold trillions of dollars of its currency, Treasuries and financial assets, while Washington runs enormous fiscal deficits and depends upon continuing foreign confidence in the dollar-based system.

So naturally its President went to the world's premier diplomatic forum and threatened to “annihilate” Iran if he doesn't get the deal he wants.

Nothing says SAFE-HAVEN ASSET quite like that - the sales pitch appears to be...

Give us your savings.
Finance our deficits.
Hold our debt.
Trust our currency.
And please ignore us threatening to annihilate countries from the podium at the United Nations.

Meanwhile Washington is simultaneously demanding the economic isolation of Iran, defending its expanding military campaign, attacking international institutions and assuring everyone that America is stronger than ever.

If I were sitting in Beijing, Riyadh, Abu Dhabi, New Delhi or virtually any other capital holding substantial dollar assets, I wouldn't primarily hear military strength - I'd hear counterparty risk.

Because reserve-currency status ultimately rests upon confidence, particularly confidence that the issuer of the world's principal reserve asset will behave predictably enough that everyone else is comfortable storing their accumulated wealth inside its financial system.

Trump's UNGA performance therefore contained the most bizarre investment advice ever accidentally delivered by an American President - Diversify - and preferably before everybody else discovers the same trade.

Washington appears determined to demonstrate that de-dollarisation doesn't actually require a marketing department.

It has Donald Trump the certifiable pathological warmongering liar to do the job for it. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F7kP6TfEV9c

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As ever the question is if everyone wants to sell who is going to buy?

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Amongst all of the carnage, that is mostly Russia vs Ukraine & USA vs Iran, China remains impassive and inscrutable and strengthens its position globally purely by exhibiting stability and an acceptable level of neutrality. Don’t need to do too much if the opposition is doing it all unto themselves. Way back, Napoleon at a time, was onto that, and said so.

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That may be so but dosnt resolve the issue of the existing....nevermind the future.

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An interesting question indeed. China in its recent history, which is just a blip in all of its history, has not been happily attended from the West. Immensely exploited would be a better description . One thing the revolution of 1949 has achieved is that such liberties, incursions and denigration will never be repeated and it was not until that fact was secure, that the so called bamboo curtain started to part. The present regime is not even 100 years old, lessons have been learnt and how China now plays it part in the modern world is accordingly, entirely up to them and it’s not a question of what they can do, but instead, what they want to do about other people’s problems.

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China has shown what they wish to do.

https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/foreign-treasury-holdings-china

It dosnt resolve the issue however as they are but one player....the question is if 'everyone' wishes to sell who is left to buy? What use is the existing?

The US debt (in all its forms) is USD...and buys what is available in that currency....buying dreams (fantasies?) is of little use.

 

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" if 'everyone' wishes to sell who is left to buy"

That's a great question Frank, as Luke Gromen says: "always look at the other side of the ledger"

I believe the buyers are average Joe's, through various superannuation and insurance schemes, 401K.  I think there is also a plan by the US to exports UST sales via Stable coins in the future. 

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"I believe the buyers are average Joe's, through various superannuation and insurance schemes,..."

Currently, though Id suggest only as an act of self preservation....sooner or later (likely sooner) even they will have to retreat.

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How do people reckon the Western world would react to Iran making the same threats to Israel. Would the media just let it wash over like they do with Trump.

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Which media? Murdoch? Bezos? Ellison........? 

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Well, to be fair,  the Iranian Islam extremists like the IRGC, would like to eradicate Israel, they just don't make it as blatantly public as Trump does. 

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I dunno, they are not exactly subtle:

"Palestine Square Countdown Clock (Persian: ساعت شمار میدان فلسطین) is a digital clock located in Tehran's Palestine Square, Iran. The clock counts down the putative days to the predicted destruction of the state of Israel. It was unveiled on Quds Day in June 2017."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestine_Square_Countdown_Clock

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Great post Colin, spot on.  It's just spectacular how simple minded Trump is.

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Not that simple minded. He knows how to successfully manipulate a significant section of the population and worked his way into the most powerful position on the planet. The fact he leaves a toxic wasteland in his wake is not simple mindedness, it's design. He's no genius, but neither were Stalin, Hitler, Mussolini or Mao. 

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Prof. Sachs weighs in withnJudgeNap at ~7:00 - he is visibly in a state of shock after seeing Trump's performance at UNGA.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fMpS-sbebdY

"Trump yesterday hev is going to have the difficult choice of whether to annihilate, BTW, one of the most ancient civilisations in the world, 5000 years old,twenty times older than the US. And what did our Speaker of the House say, well he said nothing, of course - what did our Senate Majority Leader say, of course nothing - what did all of the party of the POTUS say, the members of congress, they said of course nothing.

This is worse than the Roman Empire, there was a Senate that still said something - our Senate says nothing.

Judge, we are so broken, that not only do we have a madman in power, but there is no respect for our constitutional order, and the President can make a statement, as he madev yesterday, unprecedented in the chamber of the General Assembly, in front of the world leaders, speaking like the worst tyrant, or gangster imaginable, and not a murmur from the Republican party, which dominates The House, and The Senate...." 

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Meanwhile, US business growth surged to its fastest for over five years and job gains accelerated according to the S&P Global PMI.

Is this data reliable ?  (honest question, no sarcasm)

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Yes,  Yvil, I raised my eyebrows too.

Five Percent Growth — Seriously?

I have to say that S&P Global's claim, that its latest PMI reading points to US economic growth of “around 5%” annualised, strikes me as completely detached from the economy underneath the headline statistics.

Let's be clear about what is actually being measured here. A PMI is a survey-based diffusion index asking businesses whether various conditions are improving, unchanged or deteriorating. It doesn't measure the quantity of additional productive output being created, and it certainly doesn't measure whether the average American is becoming 5% better off.

The 5% figure is therefore not measured GDP growth at all. It is an inference derived from the historical relationship between S&P's survey readings and headline GDP, and that distinction matters enormously in today's increasingly peculiar US economy.

The latest official Q2 estimate showed real GDP growing at only 1.5% annualised, while the gross-domestic-purchases price index rose at 5.8% and PCE prices at 5.3%. In other words, there is an enormous difference between expanding nominal dollar activity and increasing the quantity of real goods and services those dollars can actually purchase.

Then there is employment. Headline payroll numbers tell us very little by themselves about labour-force participation, hours worked, multiple job-holding, the quality and productivity of newly created jobs, or whether employment is migrating towards genuinely productive activity rather than another layer of government, healthcare, financial or administrative services.

And then we arrive at my favourite elephant wandering around the American statistical living room - PGDP.

Headline happy-clappy GDP incorporates vast quantities of government expenditure, financial intermediation, healthcare rents, property-related activity and other services. Whatever their usefulness, adding another dollar of such activity isn't economically equivalent to producing another dollar of machinery, energy, food, infrastructure, technology or exportable manufactured goods with which a country can ultimately service its enormous accumulated liabilities.

That distinction becomes critical when discussing an economy carrying tens of trillions of dollars of sovereign debt, persistent external deficits and a deeply negative international investment position - so I wouldn't claim that the PMI itself is somehow fraudulent. It may be perfectly accurately reporting what the surveyed businesses told S&P.

What I would question rather more vigorously is the enormous conceptual leap from...

“More purchasing managers report improving business conditions”

to:

“The US economy is growing at around 5% annualised.”

Those are not remotely the same proposition.

Perhaps the American economy really is suddenly roaring ahead at something approaching 5%, but before celebrating another miraculous US economic boom, I'd like to see that reflected in real purchasing power, productive output, household prosperity, external accounts and the national balance sheet - rather than inferred from a diffusion index whose historical relationship with headline GDP may tell us increasingly little about the underlying productive economy.

Is the economy booming at 5% - or is this just this very unreliable indicator?

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Colin Maxwell,

Thanks for your post. I have have been thinking along the same lines, but you have expressed it much more succinctly than I could. I had growth at 1.70%.

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succinctly

/səkˈsɪŋk(t)li/

Succinctly means expressing something clearly and briefly without using extra words.

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Of course - why wasn't I able to explain this huge subject in a one-liner - silly me!

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Thanks for your reply Colin.

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