By Bernard Hickey
In many ways Budget 2015 is one of the most counter-intuitive of the seven that Bill English has delivered as Finance Minister.
A centre-right Government that is regularly accused of looking after the big end of town and ignoring the plight of the poor has delivered a Budget that takes from the rich and gives to the poor.
The contrast is most stark in the three big surprises in the Budget and in the underlying result - a significant deficit and a small surplus in 2014/15 and 2015/16 when two surpluses were promised.
To make sure even that small surplus was forecast in 2015/16, the Government decided to stop giving the middle classes one of the suite of middle class welfare payments initiated in the mid-2000s (interest free student loans, KiwiSaver and Working For Families).
The unexpected move to drop the NZ$1,000 kick-start payment for KiwiSaver will save NZ$175 million in 2015/16, which is now the crucial first year of surplus for the Government. Without that cut in spending, the budget would have been in surplus by NZ$1 million. That's not just wafer thin or even a rounding error. To use John Key's analogy last month, that would be like trying to land a 747 on a speck of bacteria on the head of a pin.
Then there's the new customs levy of NZ$6 for departures and NZ$16 for arrivals. Almost half of the 5.5 million arrivals and 5.4 million departures in the year to April were New Zealanders travelling overseas for holidays, on business and for family reasons. These travellers are self-selecting as wealthier than the rest and are essentially having to pay a new tax raising NZ$100 million a year.
Without this new tax on travellers the Budget would have definitely been in deficit for two years longer than National promised.
Yet the Government was still able and willing to spend NZ$200 million a year from 2016/17 on increasing the incomes of poor families by up to NZ$25 a week, both through the benefit system and Working For Families for those families earning less than NZ$36,500. This was effectively taking from the rich and giving to the poor, and doing it instead of running Budget surpluses.
So why is the Government doing it?
Bill English is the driving force behind the Government's investment-led approach to trying to reduce the long term costs of poverty and is building up a powerful and also counter-intuitive argument to convince centre-right voters to spend money on the poor.
He argues that spending a little money now to educate, stabilise and reorientate a single mum or a young unemployed person could save a much bigger sum of money later on.
On Budget Day he used the example of the 600 new children a year that come to the attention of Child Youth and Family Service and who have been supported by benefits for 40 months and have had one parent in contact with corrections.
English said that by the age of 21 at least 40% of this group would have been on a benefit long term and by the age of 35 a quarter would have had a stint in prison.
The Government's actuaries and its improving data miners say the average cost of each of those children is NZ$320,000 and some will cost over NZ$1 million.
So any successful attempt to invest in mentors or new training or better housing or simply add a little more income to reduce deprivation could actually save the taxpayers over the long run. It's what Robin Hood would have said if his band of merry men had been a bunch of actuaries.
It sounds boring, but it's the current Government's version of compassionate conservatism.
But Bill English and his own 'Little John' on the ninth floor have only scratched the surface.
The Finance Minister acknowledged this week that the gap in incomes between those at the bottom end of town and the average was as wide as he wanted it to become and there was more to be done. The benefit increases announced this week were the first since 1972 that were not linked to consumer price inflation.
There is a lot more investment needed to narrow that gap and the long term payoff could be substantial.
All that's needed is for Robin Hood, Little John and his band of merry actuaries to push on with more of the investment-led approach.
It would seem counter-intuitive, but perfectly rational if Budget 2015 is anything to go by.
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A version of this article also appeared in the Herald on Sunday. It is here with permission..
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